“But when [A.A. co-founder Bill Wilson] walked into the den…I knew this was his session…” (From Remembrances of LSD therapy past, pg. 27) (bold emphasis mine)
One of the researchers involved with the LSD experiments of the 1950s and 1960s was Betty Grover Eisner, Ph.D., a woman whose book, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, is a fascinating and sad account of the attempt to use LSD as a therapeutic device. In the first two chapters of the book we learn about Eisner’s association with A.A. co-founder Bill Wilson and early A.A. member Tom Powers.
Bill Wilson’s first LSD experience was in Los Angeles in 1956. In February of 1957, Bill Wilson again ingested LSD, this time at Betty Eisner’s house. Present were Tom Powers, Dr. Sid Cohen, and Will and Betty Eisner. [1]
Interestingly, while Eisner personally experienced LSD, she was also familiar with meditation. The same can be said for Bill Wilson. (Read) Another early explorer of LSD was Alan Watts, the man who introduced Zen to popular culture. Mysticism appears common to some of the key figures in the LSD experiments of the 1950s. Betty Eisner herself studied the Eastern religions before beginning her work with the then-legal chemical.
In a fond letter to early A.A. member Tom Powers, Eisner writes, “Thomas Merton just isn’t a substitute for Thomas Powers–much as some of his things help.” [2] (Thomas Merton)
Those interested in A.A. history may know of Bill Wilson’s friendship with mystic Gerald Heard and Aldous Huxley, author of Brave New World. Huxley, in fact, called Wilson the “greatest social architect of the century.” [3] PASS IT ON, the official A.A. biography of Wilson, refers to Huxley as a “pioneer of New Age consciousness.” [4]
Heard and Huxley delved into the psychedelic realm with great enthusiasm.
Eisner writes, “Gerald Heard, the English philosopher who was very interested in the LSD work at this time, was just as brilliant as Aldous [Huxley] … I had met Gerald Heard at Trabuco, a meditation retreat he and Felix Greene founded and built in southern California in the 1940′s. I will never forget the Benedictine silence at Trabuco, and the meditation room, built in the three descending circular levels and fitted with black curtains so that it was a place where no light could ever penetrate – of the worldly type, that is.” [5]
Eisner expresses gratitude for discovering the contemplative writings of John of the Cross, either during or shortly after a very tough LSD experience. “In any case, in the midst of the profound depression, I may have saved my life and I certainly saved my sanity, by searching through our library, book by book until I came upon what finally helped. All night long I submerged myself in the writings of St. John of the Cross – that long, long night of the dark of my soul!” [6]
Thomas Merton believed it was a sad thing people were seeking spiritual truth via LSD ingestion, when the contemplative (meditative) tradition was right there in the Catholic church.**But both LSD and anti-biblical meditation are altered states of consciousness, and both invite spiritual deception.
What is meant by the term, anti-biblical meditation? This is new age/Eastern meditation, also known in its disguised (my choice of descriptive word) form as contemplative prayer, which has been taught by Teresa of Avila, John of the Cross, Thomas Merton, Richard Foster, Mike Bickle of IHOP (Read), and others.
Contemplative prayer is “Christianese-packaged” anti-biblical meditation, but the goal is still the quieting of the mind, the cessation of thinking, thus facilitating entrance into the silence. To reiterate, while wrapped in “Christianese” terminology, it is virtually the same thing as new age/Eastern meditation.
Our minds are like rushing rivers, with our thoughts constantly moving and flowing. The silence of anti-biblical meditation takes place when that river is stopped, dammed up, and all is still. In this meditative state, the mind is void of thought, and in this void, spiritual visitation and deception can occur.*
On the other hand, biblical meditation is an active thing, with our minds pondering, or chewing (so to speak) upon the Word of God. We do not attempt to cease thinking with the goal of entering the silence.
Gerald Heard reportedly meditated three times daily while at Trabuco, which he ended up donating to the Vedanta Society of Southern California. Heard was present at Bill Wilson’s first LSD experience. Betty Eisner’s own references to mystics like Merton and John of the Cross are revealing, but the book is primarily a look at the rise and fall of LSD therapy, and one can almost feel the author being swept along the psychedelic path.
Mentioned early in the first chapter of Remembrances of LSD therapy past are Bill Wilson and Tom Powers. According to Eisner, “During this period, the fall of 1956 and early 1957, there was a boiling activity. We read report after report – dozens – of people who had taken LSD and/or mescaline. And we discussed them, Sid [Cohen] and I – and Al, and Humphry Osmond when he visited, and people like Tom Powers who came from the east coast to experience LSD, bringing W. Wilson from AA on several trips. Every one of the people wanted to talk about their experiences, experiences which were so unique that each one of us was busy trying to make sense of all the phenomena which were occurring, and to fit them into some intelligible description, category, and understanding.” [7] (bold mine)
Wilson hoped LSD would help those addicted to alcohol. He realized that A.A. simply did not work for every motivated alcoholic. According to Wilson, “It is a generally acknowledged fact in spiritual development that ego reduction makes the influx of God’s grace possible. If, therefore, under LSD we can have a temporary reduction, so that we can better see what we are and where we are going–well, that might be of some help.” [8]
For those who assume that Bill Wilson was a Christian, the fact that he believed LSD could possibly facilitate the “influx of God’s grace” [9] demonstrates much. There was no understanding of the grace of Christ. According to his secretary, Nell Wing, during Bill’s own ingestion of LSD, “He had an experience [that] was totally spiritual, [like] his initial spiritual experience.” [10]
The hope that Eisner places in the therapeutic power of LSD, and her own descriptions of its effects after taking the drug herself, are remarkable. She mentions her hope for the A.A. people through ingestion of LSD. “I want to test some of these hypotheses — another of which is that alcoholics, with proper preparation — are almost the best possible subjects — A.A.’s that is. They’ve been living through their hell on earth and if really close to accepting the third step are really open to what LSD can do for them… if you have any questions I’d love to try to answer them…” [11]
Eisner and her husband seem to have had a good relationship with A.A. member Tom Powers, who is prominent in some of these experiments. Betty Grover Eisner describes Wilson’s reactions in one of the LSD sessions. Wilson himself writes the Eisners a letter (1957). These quotes below are as Eisner presents them in the book, and it seems these are sentences she has perhaps excerpted from Bill Wilson’s entire letter:
Dear Folks,
“Please forgive this late response in thanking you both for all the friendship you gave me so freely on my last trip to the Coast. More often than you can guess, I have continued to think of you.”
“Since returning home I have felt – and hope have acted! – exceedingly well. I can make no doubt that the Eisner-Cohen- Powers-LSD therapy has contributed not a little to this happier state of affairs.”
“It looks like the contract for our television show is about to be signed. One of the best things about this is that it may bring Tom [Powers] and me within sight and sound of you both once more.”
Devotedly yours, W. (W. Wilson) [12]
There is more involving Bill Wilson and Tom Powers. The reference to the television show is a mystery. So is much else in this fascinating account. You can link to the entire online book, right HERE.
Related article: Describing A.A. co-founder’s response to dose of LSD
Endnotes:
1. Sarah W. Tracy, Caroline Jean Acker, Editors, Altering American Consciousness: The History of Alcohol annd Drug Use in the United States 1800-2000, pg. 360
2. Betty Eisner, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, pg.33
3. PASS IT ON, pg. 368
4. PASS IT ON, pg. 368
5. Betty Grover Eisner, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, Chapter One: Initiations Into Infinity, pg. 12
6. Betty Grover Eisner, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, Chapter One: Initiations Into Infinity, pg. 16
7. Betty Grover Eisner, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, Chapter One: Initiations Into Infinity, pg. 14
8. PASS IT ON, pg. 370
9. PASS IT ON, pg. 370
10. PASS IT ON, pg. 370
11. Betty Grover Eisner, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, Chapter Two: The Parameters of Infinity, pg. 19
12. Betty Grover Eisner, Remembrances of LSD therapy past, Chapter Two: The Parameters of Infinity, pg. 29-30
* This description using a river is paraphrased from Ray Yungen, I think…
** “I wrote to Thomas Merton about this in 1967 and he said ‘Isn’t it a pity that people are going into LSD to have spiritual experiences, when we have a
tradition in the Church which no one knows anything about.’” — panentheist Matthew Fox